European Theater of Operations (ETO)

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Hawk, John Segment 3
Hawk says that the thing he wondered about the most prior to combat was what kind of officers he would have. He says...
Milosevich, Risto Segment 3
Milosevich was informed that he had a daughter while he was still aboard ship to England. He thought about his child...
Compton, Lynn "Buck" Segment 3
Lynn Compton went to England on the Queen Elizabeth ship with thousands of troops. He joined the Easy Company outfit...
Crain, Joe Segment 3
Crain was 1 of the seaman in the boat. They were on a transport ship originally. When Crain was on the transport ship...
Bollinger, Ardell Segment 3
Ardell Bollinger arrived in Europe in July 1943. He was shot down 23 September 1944. Bollinger’s first mission was a “...
Baum, Abraham "Abe" Segment 3
Baum recalls an event that took place at the Maginot Line. Harold Cohen had just taken over the battalion. He argued...
Spencer, David Segment 3
David Paul Spencer’s first day of combat was not too eventful. There was a pretty decent firefight and his unit had a...
Scheffel, Charles Segment 3
When Charles Scheffel became a platoon leader, he used all of the ammunition that they could teaching his men about...
Mann, Karl Segment 3
A few days after arriving in Naples, Italy, Mann was shipped up to Anzio on an LST [Annotator's Note: Landing Ship,...
Weinart, John Segment 3
John Weinart crossed the Rhine River and headed into southern Germany. They would frequently ride on tanks. Weinart...
Cokinos, Michael Segment 3
The Hartz Mountains [Annotators Note: also referred to as the Harz Mountains, Germany] contained many Hitler Youth...
Rall, Gunther Segment 3
The Americans had very qualified airplanes in the P-51 and P-47. He remembered that the P-47 could keep a higher speed...
Perrett, Marvin Segment 3
After going over the side, the boats would then form up waves of ten or twelve boats which rode around in circles until...
McClellan, James Segment 3
When he wasn't driving McClellan would stand guard. That's how he got the frozen toes; frostbite.They had three gun...
Galloway, Thomas Segment 3
Galloway was with 3 individuals--a driver, a radio operator and a sergeant-- when they were caught by the Germans....
Wicker, Benjamin Segment 3
Wicker was not fast enough so his buddy would help him swim along in the water [Annotator’s Note: during the attack on...
Candelaria, Richard Segment 3
On 7 April [Annotators Note: 1945] the Luftwaffe put up a huge effort consisting of many types of fighters. Richard...
Corbin, Robert "Bob" Segment 3
They were taken across the Rhine River on a streetcar then put into an underground dungeon [Annotator’s Note: American...
McKee, Ralph Segment 3
McKee slept in the Frenchman's hayloft over night and suffered from his wounded back [Annotator’s Note: after bailing...
Jefferson, Alexander Segment 3
Alexander Jefferson’s plane name was “Bubble Blue Subsoil” [Annotator’s Note: Jefferson became quiet and was lost in...
Keema, John Segment 3
After completing bombardier training and being commissioned a 2nd Lieutenant, John Keema and his classmates were sent...
Armanini, Joseph Segment 3
Jospeh Armanini went to gunnery school while still Stateside. He describes the bombardier's responsibilities while...
Gatewood, Joel Segment 3
Gatewood led his squadron on his fourth mission. At 1 point during the raid he was all by himself and had to pull up to...
Johnson, Oscar Segment 3
Fw190s [Annotator's Note: German Focke Wulf 190 interceptor aircraft] attacked the group the day Oscar Johnson was shot...
Crump, Ralph Segment 3
All of the Catholic school teachers were nuns. They were not married. High school teachers in Iowa were required to be...
Standifer, Leon Segment 3
Standifer had been eating well and sleeping well in the hospital. He was put into a boxcar and shipped to the front. He...
Zager, Raymond Segment 3
To Raymond Zager the Maginot line was easily conquered. They then came to the Siegfried Line. They advanced through...
Ehlers, Walter Segment 3
After the war ended in Africa they continued training in the desert. The men were given passes to go into Tunisia but...
Gibbons, John Segment 3
John Gibbons does not believe that there was much gloom and doom when they were told during the briefing that the...
Hannan, Philip M. Segment 3
Hannan wanted to get up to the front line [Annotator’s Note: during the Battle of the Bulge]. They told him as he...
Kuroki, Ben Segment 3
Ben Kuroki learned that it did not matter that he had flown 30 missions, or that he had a chest full of ribbons. An...
Stegmeier, James L. Segment 3
Stegmeier enlisted because everybody was doing it. There was a draft going on and if you didn't enlist you would be...
Rackley, Clifford Segment 3
Each crew had a tent to themselves. In the 483rd Group [Annotator’s Note: Bombardment group] there were about 20 tents....
Ettlinger, Harry Segment 3
Ettlinger ended up going to high school for 4 years and when he graduated, he and every other fellow male student...
Billow, Harold Segment 4
Billow recalls his friend Robert "Sketch" Marigg telling him about the incident. Sketch saw everything from a bush on...
Baker, Dan Segment 4
Dan Baker thought he was going to be captured once during the Battle of the Bulge. He was sent to deliver a message,...

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